Introduction
Understanding Tantra
Tantra is not limited to sacred sexuality or a technique of wellbeing. It designates many traditions that use the body, speech, imagination and ritual to transform ordinary perception into a way of awakening or union with the divine.
Tantric traditions developed in Shivaite, Shakta, Vishnuite and Buddhist environments.
To be retained
Four essential principles
- Tantra is not limited to sacred sexuality or a technique of wellbeing.
- Tantric traditions developed in Shivaite, Shakta, Vishnuite and Buddhist environments.
- Initiation allows access to a mantra and a divine form.
- tantra transforms the whole experience — including the body — into an instrument of spiritual realization.
Small timeline
A tradition shaped by history
Origins and training
Tantric traditions developed in Shivaite, Shakta, Vishnuite and Buddhist environments.
Historical developments
They influenced temples, regalities, philosophy, yoga and arts from India to Tibet, Nepal, South-East Asia and East Asia.
Ritual life and teachings
Initiation allows access to a mantra and a divine form.
A living and plural tradition
Some became normative, others remained transgressive or secret.
History and development
Tantric traditions developed in Shivaite, Shakta, Vishnuite and Buddhist environments, and influenced temples, regalities, philosophy, yoga and arts from India to Tibet, Nepal, South-East Asia and East Asia.
Some became normative, others remained transgressive or secret.
Worldview, beliefs and practices
Initiation allows access to a mantra and a divine form. The practitioner can build a *mandala*, perform gestures *mudra*, visualize a divinity, direct the breath and awaken internal powers. In some schools, *kundalini* and chakras describe a subtle anatomy.
The number, position and meaning of chakras vary according to the texts; the popular seven-centre model is not universal. Sexual rituals exist in some traditions, often very framed, but do not define Tantra.
Texts, symbols and transmission
Tantras, Agamas and Samhitas are unique to the lineages. Symbols: mandala, mantra, yantra, lotus, divine couple, fire and subtle body.
What research can and cannot say
Subtle anatomys are contemplative maps, not demonstrated anatomical structures. The effects of breathing and meditation can be studied separately. Any physical or sexual practice requires consent and vigilance in the face of abuse of authority.
References